Cottages, wood houses.

Country - house and wood house building.

Parts of a Building By their purpose all buildings can be divided into residential industrial, public, agricultural and military. Any building is constructed of bearing and non-bearing structures. The purpose of bearing structures is to carry dead and live loads of the building. Non-bearing structures are to protect the building against weather action and to divide the interior of the building. The chief purpose of the building on the whole is to provide shelter for the occupants. Main structural parts of the building are considered foundations, walls, floors and roofs. Foundations are the substructure of the building while floors, walls and roofs make up the superstructure. The substructure transfers the weight of the superstructure to the soil. The superstructure supports the dead and live loads of the building and provides shelter for the occupants.
Foundations transfer loads from the building to the soil. They also prevent contact of the superstructure with the soil, sinking and settlement of the building. The most common types of foundations are footings, mats, piles and piers.
Walls may be outer or inner ones. Depending on their structural purpose they are divided into load-bearing, non-bearing: and curtain - floors divide the building onto storeys and transfer dead and live loads to the walls. Floors may be single - joistered, double - joisteres and triple - joistered.
A roof serves as a covering of the building. It also ties the walls and gives strength to the building. Roofs may be flat or sloped.
Designers and architects determine the necessary materials for the building and it's parts.